2021知到答案 英语语言学(山东大学(威海)) 最新智慧树满分章节测试答案

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第一章 单元测试

1、多选题:
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
选项:
A:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
B:sentence structure
C:properties of speech sounds
D:word formation
答案: 【combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;sentence structure;properties of speech sounds;word formation】

2、单选题:
To have a scientific language study, we must pursue brevity in analyzing the data and in stating our findings, which can be summarized as the standard of ________.
选项:
A:economy
B:objectivity
C:consistency
D:exhaustiveness
答案: 【economy】

3、判断题:
Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

4、判断题:
The reason for Frenchmen to use cheval and for English to use horse to refer to the same animal is inexplicable.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】

5、判断题:
Of speech and writing, modern linguistics regards writing as the primary medium of communication.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

6、判断题:
According to Chomsky, competence is the actual realization of the performance in linguistic communication.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

7、多选题:
Which of the following disciplines are related to applied linguistics?
选项:
A:psycholinguistics
B:physics
C:education
D:geology
答案: 【psycholinguistics;education】

8、单选题:
Unlike animal communication systems, human language is ________.
选项:
A:stimulus bound
B:stimulus free
C:under immediate stimulus control
D:stimulated by some occurrence of communal interest
答案: 【stimulus free】

9、单选题:
________ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics.
选项:
A:Bloomfield
B:John Lyons
C:Chomsky
D:de Saussure
答案: 【de Saussure】

10、单选题:
By saying language is arbitrary, we mean that there is no logical connection between meaning and ________.

选项:
A:sound
B:phoneme
C:morpheme
D:word
答案: 【sound 】

11、多选题:
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
选项:
A:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
B:sentence structure
C:word formation
D:properties of speech sounds
答案: 【combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;sentence structure;word formation;properties of speech sounds】

12、多选题:
Which of the following disciplines are related to applied linguistics?
选项:
A:geology
B:physics
C:education
D:psycholinguistics
答案: 【education;psycholinguistics】

13、多选题:
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
选项:
A:word formation
B:properties of speech sounds
C:sentence structure
D:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
答案: 【word formation;properties of speech sounds;sentence structure;combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit】

14、多选题:
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
选项:
A:word formation
B:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
C:properties of speech sounds
D:sentence structure
答案: 【word formation;combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit;properties of speech sounds;sentence structure】

15、多选题:
To put it in a simple way, linguistics studies ________, meaning of linguistic units, and the use and interpretation of a sentence in different contexts.
选项:
A:sentence structure
B:properties of speech sounds
C:word formation
D:combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit
答案: 【sentence structure;properties of speech sounds;word formation;combination of speech sounds into a meaningful unit】

第二章 单元测试

1、多选题:
What kind of sounds can we make, when the vocal cords are vibrating?
选项:
A:Vowels
B:Voiced consonants
C:Glottal stop
D:Voiceless consonants
答案: 【Vowels;Voiced consonants】

2、单选题:
Which one is different from the others according to manners of articulation?
选项:
A:[w]
B:[f]
C:[z]
D:[v]
答案: 【[w]】

3、单选题:
Which of the following CANNOT be considered as a minimal pair?
选项:
A:but-bat
B:but-bus
C:but-cut
D:but-put
答案: 【but-put 】

4、单选题:
The sound /z/ can be described with “voiced, ________, alveolar”.
选项:
A:labiodental
B:fricative
C:affricate
D:palatal
答案: 【fricative 】

5、多选题:
In English, if three consonants cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination could be the following EXCEPT ________.
选项:
A:[skw]
B:[sks]
C:[stj]
D:[spl]
E:[spr]
答案: 【[sks];[stj] 】

6、判断题:
A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】

7、判断题:
The speech sounds which are in complementary distribution are definitely allophones of the same phoneme.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

8、判断题:
Broad Transcription is intended to symbolize all the possible speech sounds, including the minute shades.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

9、判断题:
The initial sound of “peak” is aspirated while the second sound of “speak” is unaspirated. They are allophones.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

10、判断题:
Phonetic similarity means that the allophones of a phoneme must bear some morphological resemblance.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

11、多选题:
What kind of sounds can we make, when the vocal cords are vibrating?
选项:
A:Voiceless consonants
B:Voiced consonants
C:Glottal stop
D:Vowels
答案: 【Voiced consonants;Vowels】

12、多选题:
In English, if three consonants cluster together at the beginning of a word, the combination could be the following EXCEPT ________.
选项:
A:[spl]
B:[skw]
C:[stj]
D:[spr]
E:[sks]
答案: 【[stj] ;[sks]】

第三章 单元测试

1、单选题:
The italicized word in the sentence “They are better fed, better housed, and better clothed than ever before” is a good example of ________.
选项:
A:compounding
B:conversion
C:blending
D:derivation
答案: 【conversion 】

2、多选题:
We can classify morphemes into ________.
选项:
A:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
B:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
C:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
D:bound morphemes and free morphemes
答案: 【derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes;lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;bound morphemes and free morphemes】

3、多选题:
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.
选项:
A: hotdog
B:blackboard
C:blueprint
D:mouthful
答案: 【 hotdog ;blackboard ;blueprint 】

4、单选题:
A(n) ________ is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible or analyzable into smaller forms.
选项:
A:morpheme
B:word
C:allomorph
D:lexeme
答案: 【morpheme 】

5、单选题:
The word children contains _________ morphemes
选项:
A: 2
B: 4
C: 1
D: 3
答案: 【 2】

6、单选题:
The italicized word in sentence ________, the italicized part DOESN’T involve conversion.
选项:
A: The book yellowed with age.
B:He walked carefully so as not to wet his shoes.
C:The teacher told the students to be quiet.
D:His smile could not very well mask his anger.
答案: 【The teacher told the students to be quiet. 】

7、判断题:
Most prefixes can occur as independent words.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

8、判断题:
Such compounds as quick-frozen, far-fetched, fresh-baked, and long-awaited are  created by “a./ad. + v.-ed”.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

9、判断题:
In American English, compounds are NOT usually written solid as soon as they have gained some permanent status.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

10、判断题:
A compound can be formed by placing any lexical item in front of another.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

11、多选题:
We can classify morphemes into ________.
选项:
A:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
B:bound morphemes and free morphemes
C:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
D:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
答案: 【derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes;bound morphemes and free morphemes;lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes】

12、多选题:
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.
选项:
A:mouthful
B:blueprint
C: hotdog
D:blackboard
答案: 【blueprint ; hotdog ;blackboard 】

13、多选题:
We can classify morphemes into ________.
选项:
A:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
B:bound morphemes and free morphemes
C:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
D:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
答案: 【bound morphemes and free morphemes;lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes】

14、多选题:
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.
选项:
A:mouthful
B:blueprint
C:blackboard
D: hotdog
答案: 【blueprint ;blackboard ; hotdog 】

15、多选题:
We can classify morphemes into ________.
选项:
A:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
B:bound morphemes and free morphemes
C:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
D:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
答案: 【lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;bound morphemes and free morphemes;derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes】

16、多选题:
We can classify morphemes into ________.
选项:
A:lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes
B:derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes
C:adjective morphemes and numeral morphemes
D:bound morphemes and free morphemes
答案: 【lexical morphemes and grammatical morphemes;derivational morphemes and inflectional morphemes;bound morphemes and free morphemes】

17、多选题:
________ of the four words are good examples of compounding.
选项:
A:blackboard
B:blueprint
C:mouthful
D: hotdog
答案: 【blackboard ;blueprint ; hotdog 】

第四章 单元测试

1、判断题:
Syntax is the study of how words and phrases are properly formed out of elements of a language.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

2、判断题:
Many syntactic theories have developed in response to generative syntax.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

3、判断题:
In the course of its development, generative grammar gradually shifted its focus from language itself to the native speaker’s knowledge of language.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

4、判断题:
In the generative tradition, language is usually understood to refer to the all the language structures that native speakers can generate.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

5、判断题:
According to Chomsky, I-language refers to a set of sentences a native speaker can use.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

6、单选题:
The sub-component which includes the rules governing word formation is called ________.
选项:
A:morphology
B:phonology
C:pragmatics
D:semantics
答案: 【morphology】

7、单选题:
________ is to syntax what phoneme to phonology and morpheme to morphology.
选项:
A:Sentence
B:Utterance
C:Meaning
D:Syntactic category
答案: 【Syntactic category 】

8、多选题:
Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.
选项:
A:Adj.
B:VP
C:NP
D:P
答案: 【Adj.;P】

9、单选题:
In the category of CP, letter C stands for ____________.
选项:
A:complementizer
B:capital
C:curriculum
D:complement
答案: 【complementizer】

10、多选题:
Adverbs in English can be divided into ________.
选项:
A:manner adverbs
B:small adverbs
C:sentence-adverbs
D:big adverbs
答案: 【manner adverbs;sentence-adverbs】

11、多选题:
Among the following categories, ________ are word categories.
选项:
A:VP
B:P
C:Adj.
D:NP
答案: 【P;Adj.】

12、多选题:
Adverbs in English can be divided into ________.
选项:
A:sentence-adverbs
B:manner adverbs
C:big adverbs
D:small adverbs
答案: 【sentence-adverbs;manner adverbs】

第五章 单元测试

1、单选题:
The approach to semantic study that is more concerned with the relationship between linguistic expressions and the phenomena in the world to which they refer may be called ________.
选项:
A:Formal Semantics
B:Cognitive Semantics
C:Logical Semantics
D:Linguistic Semantics
答案: 【Logical Semantics 】

2、判断题:
The Contextualist View of meaning is based on the presumption that one can derive meaning from observable contexts.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

3、多选题:
Meaning can be studied as ________.
选项:
A:behavior
B:naming
C:concepts
D:contexts
答案: 【behavior;naming ;concepts ;contexts  】

4、多选题:
Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: ________ and ________.
选项:
A:argument
B:head
C:predicate
D:complement
答案: 【argument ;predicate 】

5、单选题:
The predication of the sentence “Jack is happy” is said to consist of Jack, the _________, and happy, the predicate.
选项:
A:predication
B:argument
C:subject
D:predicate
答案: 【argument 】

6、判断题:
The sense relations between words can be analyzed in terms of truth conditions.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

7、判断题:
As for gradable antonyms, the denial of one is the assertion of the other.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

8、判断题:
A pair of complementary antonyms is characterized by the feature that the denial of one member implies the assertion of the other.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

9、判断题:
The concept of REFERENCE can be regarded as a connection between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

10、判断题:
According to the classic semantic triangle suggested by Ogden and Richards, the meaning of a word is the concept connecting the word with the real thing in the world. This concept is called Reference or Thought.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

11、多选题:
Meaning can be studied as ________.
选项:
A:behavior
B:concepts
C:naming
D:contexts
答案: 【behavior;concepts ;naming ;contexts  】

12、多选题:
Meaning can be studied as ________.
选项:
A:contexts
B:behavior
C:concepts
D:naming
答案: 【contexts  ;behavior;concepts ;naming 】

13、多选题:
Meaning can be studied as ________.
选项:
A:naming
B:behavior
C:contexts
D:concepts
答案: 【naming ;behavior;contexts  ;concepts 】

14、多选题:
Predication analysis is to break down predications into their constituents: ________ and ________.
选项:
A:predicate
B:complement
C:head
D:argument
答案: 【predicate ;argument 】

第六章 单元测试

1、判断题:
All the acts that belong to the same category act share the same purpose or the same illocutionary act, and they are the same in their strength or force.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

2、判断题:
Conversation participants almost always observe the CP and the maxims of the CP.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

3、判断题:
A sentence is grammatical concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied as the abstract intrinsic property of the sentence itself in terms of a predication
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

4、判断题:
Utterance is based on sentence meaning; it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication or simply in a context.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】

5、单选题:
All the utterance that can be made to serve the same purpose may vary in their ________ form.
选项:
A:semantic
B:pragmatic
C:grammatical
D:syntactic
答案: 【syntactic  】

6、单选题:
The Cooperative Principle is proposed by ________.
选项:
A:John Austin
B:Paul Grice
C:John Lyons
D:John Searle
答案: 【Paul Grice 】

7、多选题:
The maxim of quantity requires: ________.
选项:
A:Do not say something that is not relevant.
B:Do not make contribution more informative than is required.
C:Make your contribution as informative as required.
D:Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.
答案: 【Do not make contribution more informative than is required.;Make your contribution as informative as required.】

8、单选题:
Most of the violations of the maxims of the CP give rise to ________.
选项:
A:speech act theory
B:utterance meaning
C:

all of the options

D:conversational implicatures
答案: 【conversational implicatures】

9、单选题:
The significance of Grice’s CP lies in that it explains how it is possible for the speaker to convey ________ is literally said.
选项:
A:less than
B:more than
C:the same as
D:none of the  options
答案: 【more than  】

10、多选题:
The maxim of quantity requires: ________.
选项:
A:Make your contribution as informative as required.
B:Do not make contribution more informative than is required.
C:Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.
D:Do not say something that is not relevant.
答案: 【Make your contribution as informative as required.;Do not make contribution more informative than is required.】

第七章 单元测试

1、单选题:
The following is the clipped words EXCEPT ________.
选项:
A:fridge
B:butch
C:info
D:cam
答案: 【butch 】

2、单选题:
As a result of the Norman Conquest of 1066, vast quantities of ________ words were added to the English vocabulary.
选项:
A:Latin
B:French
C:Roman
D:German
答案: 【French】

3、单选题:
Morphological and syntactic changes in English language including the following EXCEPT ________.
选项:
A:process of simplification
B:change in agreement rule
C:analogic change
D:loss of inflections
答案: 【analogic change 】

4、单选题:
The following are the methods for the addition of new words EXCEPT ________.
选项:
A:back-formation
B:meaning shift
C:blending
D:clipping
答案: 【meaning shift】

5、单选题:
The meaning of word accident has undergone the process of ________.
选项:
A:widening of meaning
B:meaning degradation
C:meaning elevation
D:narrowing of meaning
答案: 【narrowing of meaning 】

6、单选题:
The word pioneer used to refer to a foot soldier who cleared the way for any army by falling trees, but now it refers to a person who goes before, preparing the way for others, as a scientist doing exploratory work. This process of change is called ________.
选项:
A:meaning degradation
B:widening of meaning
C:narrowing of meaning
D:meaning elevation
答案: 【meaning elevation 】

7、多选题:
Which of the following words are formed by clipping?
选项:
A:docudrama
B:comfy
C:sci-fi
D:script
E:bookkeep
答案: 【comfy ;script 】

8、判断题:
Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

9、判断题:
All the former job titles with –man have been replaced by the new job titles with –person.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】

10、判断题:
The change of grammar is caused by economy of memory.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

11、多选题:
Which of the following words are formed by clipping?
选项:
A:bookkeep
B:script
C:comfy
D:docudrama
E:sci-fi
答案: 【script ;comfy 】

第八章 单元测试

1、单选题:
Someone who can speak many languages is called ________.
选项:
A:Bilingualist
B:Linguist
C:Polyglot
D:Genius
答案: 【Polyglot 】

2、多选题:
The social factors in sociolinguistic studies do include ________.
选项:
A:Social hierarchy
B:Educational background
C:Occupation
D:Social class
答案: 【Social hierarchy ;Educational background ;Occupation ;Social class】

3、单选题:
Ethnic dialects are mainly spoken by a less privileged population, such as the ________.
选项:
A:Black English
B:British English
C:American English
D:Queen’s English
答案: 【Black English 】

4、多选题:
Code-switching can happen in ________.
选项:
A:Belgium
B:Macao
C:Germany
D:Hongkong
答案: 【Belgium;Macao;Germany;Hongkong】

5、多选题:
From different perspectives, sociolinguistics may be classified into ________.
选项:
A:Macro-sociolinguistics and micro-sociolinguistics
B:Sociolinguistics and sociology of language
C:Sociolinguistics and social dialects
D:Broad sociolinguistics and narrow sociolinguistics
答案: 【Macro-sociolinguistics and micro-sociolinguistics;Sociolinguistics and sociology of language;Broad sociolinguistics and narrow sociolinguistics】

6、判断题:
Gender varieties arise because language, as a social phenomenon, is closely related to social attitudes.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】

7、判断题:
Macro-studies are to look at society as a whole and consider how language functions in it and how it reflects the social differentiations.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】

8、判断题:
For a sociolinguist, code-switching means the switch made by a speaker or writer from one language or language variety to another.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

9、判断题:
Greek does not belong to Indo-European Language Family.
选项:
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】

10、判断题:
In sociolinguistics, code-switching is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety.
选项:
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】

11、多选题:
The social factors in sociolinguistic studies do include ________.
选项:
A:Educational background
B:Social class
C:Social hierarchy
D:Occupation
答案: 【Educational background ;Social class;Social hierarchy ;Occupation 】

12、多选题:
Code-switching can happen in ________.
选项:
A:Macao
B:Germany
C:Belgium
D:Hongkong
答案: 【Macao;Germany;Belgium;Hongkong】

13、多选题:
From different perspectives, sociolinguistics may be classified into ________.
选项:
A:Sociolinguistics and social dialects
B:Sociolinguistics and sociology of language
C:Broad sociolinguistics and narrow sociolinguistics
D:Macro-sociolinguistics and micro-sociolinguistics
答案: 【Sociolinguistics and sociology of language;Broad sociolinguistics and narrow sociolinguistics;Macro-sociolinguistics and micro-sociolinguistics】

14、多选题:
The social factors in sociolinguistic studies do include ________.
选项:
A:Educational background
B:Social class
C:Occupation
D:Social hierarchy
答案: 【Educational background ;Social class;Occupation ;Social hierarchy 】

15、多选题:
Code-switching can happen in ________.
选项:
A:Macao
B:Belgium
C:Germany
D:Hongkong
答案: 【Macao;Belgium;Germany;Hongkong】

16、多选题:
From different perspectives, sociolinguistics may be classified into ________.
选项:
A:Broad sociolinguistics and narrow sociolinguistics
B:Macro-sociolinguistics and micro-sociolinguistics
C:Sociolinguistics and social dialects
D:Sociolinguistics and sociology of language
答案: 【Broad sociolinguistics and narrow sociolinguistics;Macro-sociolinguistics and micro-sociolinguistics;Sociolinguistics and sociology of language】

17、多选题:
The social factors in sociolinguistic studies do include ________.
选项:
A:Social class
B:Occupation
C:Social hierarchy
D:Educational background
答案: 【Social class;Occupation ;Social hierarchy ;Educational background 】

18、多选题:
The social factors in sociolinguistic studies do include ________.
选项:
A:Social hierarchy
B:Social class
C:Occupation
D:Educational background
答案: 【Social hierarchy ;Social class;Occupation ;Educational background 】

19、多选题:
Code-switching can happen in ________.
选项:
A:Macao
B:Hongkong
C:Belgium
D:Germany
答案: 【Macao;Hongkong;Belgium;Germany】

 

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